Differences Between The Way Different Age Groups Viewed Life

My goal during this interview project was to determine if there were any similarities or differences in the way different age groups viewed life. To discover if there were similarities or differences among different age groups I interviewed three people who varied in age. For the privacy of my interviewees and for the purpose of this paper I will be changing their names. The first person I interviewed was my five year old niece, Mia. I was able to interview Mia twice a week in my home while I watched her and her baby sister. The second person I interviewed was my twelve year old cousin, Kelsey. Kelsey visits me during the weekends. So during her weekend visits at my home I got the chance to sit down and ask her some questions. The last person I interviewed was my twenty-six year old sister, Jennifer. My sister and I live together. Every night after dinner we would always share how our day went, so during this time I also got the chance to interview her. Before conducting interviews a mong the different age groups, I supposed that the different encounters individuals go through as they age defines the outlook on life of each individual. With that being said, I believed each individual I interviewed had a different outlook on life. Mia is currently in kindergarten and is in her early childhood. I usually watched her and her sister twice a week in the afternoons while their parents were at work. Since Mia is in her early childhood, her attention drifts easily from one thing toShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of The Age Stratification Theory Essay972 Words   |  4 Pagesthe perspective proposes the correct these by the use of experts in planning and professionals. This theoretical perspective has many other theories which include, structural functionalism, modernization, disengagement, continuity, activity, life course, and age stratification. The functionalist perspective has some advantages. 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The Farm At The Dene Animal Research Farm - 2333 Words

Introduction: This report is based on the farm management 103 farm visit to Ashley Dene Animal Research Farm. All the material present below is taken from Beef and Lamb NZ Genetics, Central Progeny Test Results and by word of mouth from the Ashley Dene supervisor Chris Logan. The report will cover the resources Ashley Dene Farm have in order to sustain its role as a research farm, the annual calendar of major events on the farm and the justification of the Ashley Dene/B+LNZ Central Progeny Test trial as well as the key factors involved in its management. Summary of the resources of Ashley Dene farm and their suitability as a research farm: Land and Pasture: Ashley Dene is 355 hectares split into three blocks that are bounded by roads. The cemetery block is 103.93 hectares, main block 204.85 hectares and the home block is 47.88 hectares. It is predominately light land with about 30cm of topsoil and 3 kilometres of stones, ideal for wintering livestock. To ensure the animals are fed the highest quality of feed all year round Ashley Dene has many different types of pastures and crops. Sub clover (annual legume) was introduced when the farm was first brought and provides high nutrient for a short period of time over spring – summer, it’s also beneficial as it sets seed for another crop the next season. As well as that some seeds hard seed meaning Ashley Dene has a seed bank of sub clover. This was the first introduction of legume to Ashley Dene and allowed the stocking rateShow MoreRelatedThe Farm Is A Dryland Pastoral System1206 Words   |  5 Pages: Ashley Dene has been owned by Lincoln University for over 100 years and is used for research and teaching. It is roughly 355ha where 200ha of irrigated land is being converted into dairy for further research. The rest of the farm is a dryland pastoral system, where extensive research is carried out on theme of the central progeny test. Unless otherwise stated, all information for this report was obtained from the owner of the property, (Chris Logan personal communication, 7th March 2016). 1Read MoreImpacts of Historical Globalization.6706 Words   |  27 PagesEngland attempted to destroy each other in a long series of wars for international supremacy. Their battlegrounds included the territories of New France and New England where settlers with the help of the Indians were by then trapping, trading, clearing farms and building towns. When the wars reached the New World, settlers on both sides of the conflict quickly affirmed their friendship with the Indians in an attempt to secure fighting allies or at least guarantee Indian neutrality. The British formalized

Varsha Free Essays

REPORT WRITING ABCD ABCD, the technical symposium, held true to its tagline- The best there was, the best there is, the best there ever will be. A throng of students from various colleges flocking the campus. The able coordinators led them through registration and to the paper presentation event which kicked off the day long extravaganza. We will write a custom essay sample on Varsha or any similar topic only for you Order Now The quizzing event had numerous students attending the preliminary event but only a few reached the final. The final was a nail-biting experience with cut-throat competition and a tie break win. Being from the computer science department, the students proved their mettle in the code debugging event, which was lauded by all the participants as an out of the ordinary approach to the competition. Mobile app development and digital art gave an opportunity for non-programmers. We also had non-technical events like Dumb charades and Adzap where students channelled their inner actor. Shipwreck and JAM events attracted many. The greatest hit however was full toss, an indoor version of cricket, the surprise event of the day. The success that we saw was not without reason. So, it would only be befitting to mention the long but rewarding journey behind it. The planning started out small, with the class representatives drawing up the budgets. Soon, all the students were pitching in with the organization of Kranti. Procuring sponsorship for the event was a revelation of sorts. We learnt a hard lesson that every rupee has to be earned and nothing comes free. Despite the scoffs, refusals, doors shut on our faces, we managed to get a whooping amount of two lakhs. The event brought out a whole new creative side of the students hidden behind a facade` of technical expertise. The walls were laced with authentic Indian art like warli and madhubani paintings. The boys erected a look-alike model of the Vivekananda memorial- a fitting centrepiece. The official website of abcd was built from scratch by our in-house technocrats. The state of the art creation showcased our theme beautifully and enabled students to register online. The experience taught us to work as a team and we came to respect each other. We played off each other’s strengths while respecting our own shortcomings. This resulted in an efficient and organised event that went along without a hitch right up to the valedictory function. Participants filing out, the charts pulled down, furniture restored to their normal arrangement- the day was coming to an end. We were swarmed with a multitude of emotions. Relieved the event was over, euphoric the event was a success, sore to our every last bone, a little sad that life was back to normal, one thought unified us all- the day was going to be etched in our minds forever as the epitome of our college life. How to cite Varsha, Essay examples

Social Media Marketing

Questions: Regardless of intent, should SMM be considered unethical? What are the ethical considerations that should be taken with SMM? 1. Should SMM have regulations put in place on its usage? 2. When would something that appears on social media be considered as manipulative? 3. Are there any ways to detect the validity of information on social media? Answers: Introduction Online conduct of business has become a common phenomenon in the 21st century. But there are certain ethical considerations associated with Social Media Marketing. The first and foremost threat which it causes is to the privacy of individuals; secondly, the information which is given to the consumers through social media may be not so reliable. Thus, consumers may get deceived in this way. These are serious ethical concerns entangling SMM. (1). There have to be some regulations on the usage of social media marketing. First of all, the social media platform should not be allowed to be used by a brand which does not have a good reputation in the community. Brands which have either caused harm to the community in the past or which have indulged in unethical practices should be restricted from the social media. Secondly, the brands which are allowed to use the social media have to comply with certain regulations. Few of such regulations may be as follows: Reveal of Identity: The brand which promotes its products online has to reveal its true identity. Hiding behind a veil in order to deceive the customers should not be allowed in the social media market (Xuand Whinston 2014). Appropriate use of the market: The brands should not be allowed from running a promotion which would require a user to open a new tab or interact with a story or become a fan in order to enter (Saravanakumar and SuganthaLakshmi 2012). Cyber security and fraud: The users of the social media shares a lot of their private information with many brands. These information are private and should not be allowed to be shared by a brand without the permission of the users. Many brands also use the social media market to cause fraud upon the customers. Many companies run false promotions and a customer without verifying the authenticity of such promotions shares crucial information including their bank details, address, etc. There have to be regulations on cyber fraud and cyber security (Von and Van 2013). Regulation on One-way dialogue: Customers get satisfied when they are indulged in conversation in the social media. A brand must give ample opportunity to the customers to give their feedbacks and let them correct any mistake done by the Company (Saravanakumar and SuganthaLakshmi 2012). (2). Social media has tremendous potential to manipulate the feelings of a community. Most of the users of social media form an opinion or a perception of the things which are shown in the social media. It is not true that every story shown in the social media is manipulative. Some stories are true, and they can be relied upon for formulating a perception, or those stories may be used in various studies and research. But there are certain things which reach the users through social media marketing which have the potential to mislead and manipulate the users in different directions. Few of such examples are as follows: Propagandising: When an advertisement tends to influence the public or tends to draw the attention of a public towards a position or cause by showing only one side an argument, the advertisement is said to have created a propaganda. These propagandas have the potential to manipulate the users to a great extent sometimes these also create hatred among the minds of the users which consequently ends up in causing violence in the society (Svec 2015). Psychological warfare: Some advertisements have the potential to target various organisations, governments, and groups. These forms of communications may alter the entire ideology of the users of the social media and lead the users to form a negative opinion about a nation or a particular group or organisation (Klausen2015). Hoaxing: A hoax can be explained as something which intends to deceive the public. Whenever a false story is shown to defraud the public, it is known as a hoax. A false bomb threat, a false story of business scams, misleading public stunts are all examples of hoaxes. These hoaxes have the potential to manipulate the thinking, attitude, and behavior of the users who go through these false stories in the social media (Ting 2015). (3). Validity and accuracy of information are important for every user. False information has the possibility to mislead the users and leads them towards forming wrong opinions and perceptions. Therefore, it is important to check the accuracy and validity of the information available in the social media. There are certain steps which need to be followed for checking the validity of information and all the users of the social media should be aware of these steps. The first step is to check the sources location and verify whether they are really in the place from where they are posting or tweeting. The second step is to check out their networks i.e. the persons who are in their account and their followers. It makes it easier for the users to identify whether he knows the account or not. The third step is to check the contents of the information which was posted or tweeted. The contents can be corroborated from other sources. The fourth step which a user must take to ensure the validity of i nformation posted by a person is to check whether the person often posts or tweets on such kind of informative topic or not. If a person tweets or posts on any other social media on an informative topic for the first time, it is more likely that the information is misleading and should be immediately corroborated from other sources. The fifth step would be to check the age of the accounts. Information emanating from the newly and recently created accounts are more likely to be misleading and deceiving. The last step to ensure the validity of information would be to check whether the source from which the information has emanated is reliable or not (Bakshy et al. 2012). Conclusion Social media has become a part of life in the 21st century. Almost everyone in today's world has an account on social media. There is no doubt that using social media adds knowledge and information to an individual but at the same time, the users need to be extremely careful and cautious while surfing the social media because of the risk associated with the use of the social media. Reference List Bakshy, E., Rosenn, I., Marlow, C. and Adamic, L., 2012, April. The role of social networks in information diffusion. InProceedings of the 21st international conference on World Wide Web(pp. 519-528). ACM. Freedman, K. and Wertheim, G., Freedman and Kobi, 2015.COLLABORATIVE SYSTEM FOR CYBER SECURITY ANALYSIS. U.S. Patent 20,150,172,311. Klausen, J., 2015. Tweeting the jihad: Social media networks of Western foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq.Studies in Conflict Terrorism,38(1), pp.1-22. Saravanakumar, M. and SuganthaLakshmi, T., 2012. Social media marketing.Life Science Journal,9(4), pp.4444-4451. Svec, H.A., 2015. FCJ-183 iHootenanny: A Folk Archeology of Social Media.The Fibreculture Journal, (25 2015: Apps and Affect). Ting, T.Y., 2015. DIY Citizenship: Critical Making and Social Media, edited by Matt Ratto and Megan Boler. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014. 450 pp. $30.00 paper. ISBN 9780262525527 (paper).The Information Society,31(3), pp.294-295. Von Solms, R. and Van Niekerk, J., 2013. From information security to cyber security.computers security,38, pp.97-102. Xu, L., Duan, J.A. and Whinston, A., 2014. Path to purchase: A mutually exciting point process model for online advertising and conversion.Management Science,60(6), pp.1392-1412.

Acid Rain Essays - Inorganic Solvents, Acid Rain, Free Essays

Acid Rain Essays - Inorganic Solvents, Acid Rain, Free Essays Acid Rain Introduction: What Causes Acid Rain? One of the main causes of acid rain is sulfur dioxide. Natural sources, which emit this gas, are Volcanoes, sea spray, rotting vegetation and plankton. However, the burning of fossil fuels, such as Coal and oil, are largely to be blamed for approximately half of the emissions of this gas in the world. When sulfur dioxide reaches the atmosphere, it oxidizes to first form a sulfate ion. It then Becomes sulfuric acid as it joins with hydrogen atoms in the air and falls back down to earth. Oxidation occurs the most in clouds and especially in heavily polluted air where other compounds such as ammonia and ozone help to catalyze the reaction, changing more sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid. However, not all of the sulphur dioxide is changed to sulfuric acid. In fact, a substantial amount can float up into the atmosphere, move over to another area and return to earth unconverted. In the following pages I will show the effects of acid rain on: Effect on Trees and Soils Effect on Lakes and Aquatic Systems Effect on Materials Effect on Atmosphere Effect on Architecture Effect on Humans Effect on Trees and Soils One of the most serious impacts of acid precipitation is on forests and soils. Great damage is done when sulfuric acid falls onto the earth as rain. Nutrients present in the soils are washed away. Aluminium also present in the soil is freed and the roots of trees can absorb this toxic element. Thus, the trees are starved to death as they are deprived of their vital nutrients such as calcium and magnesium. Not all of the sulphur dioxide is converted to sulfuric acid. In fact, a substantial amount can float into the atmosphere, move over to another area and return to the soils unconverted. As this gas returns back to earth, it clogs up the stomata in the leaves, thus hindering photosynthesis. Research has been made where red spruce seedlings were sprayed with different combinations of sulfuric and nitric acid of pH ranging from 2.5 to 4.5. The needles of these seedlings were observed to develop brown lesions. Eventually, the needles fall off. It was also found that new needles grew more slowly at higher concentrations of acid used. Because the rate at which the needles were falling was greater than the rate at which they were replenished, photosynthesis was greatly affected, The actual way in which these needles were killed is still not yet known. However, studies have shown that calcium and magnesium nutrients are washed away from their binding sites when sulfuric acid enters the system. They are replaced by useless hydrogen atoms and this inhibits photosynthesis. Effect on Lakes and Aquatic Systems One of the direct effects of acid rain is on lakes and its aquatic ecosystems. There are several routes through which acidic chemicals can enter the lakes. Some chemical substances exist as dry particles in the air while others enter the lakes as wet particles such as rain, snow, sleet, hail, dew or fog. In addition, lakes can almost be thought of as the sinks of the earth, where rain that falls on land is drained through the sewage systems eventually make their way into the lakes. Acid rain that falls onto the earth washes off the nutrients out of the soil and carries toxic metals that have been released from the soil into the lakes. Another harmful way in which acids can enter the lakes is spring acid shock. When snow melts in spring rapidly due to a sudden temperature change, the acids and chemicals in the snow are released into the soils. The melted snow then runs off to streams and rivers, and gradually make their way into the lakes. The introduction of these acids and chemicals into the lakes causes a sudden drastic change in the pH of the lakes - hence the term spring acid shock. The aquatic ecosystem has no time to adjust to the sudden change. In addition, springtime is an especially vulnerable time for many aquatic species since this is the time for reproduction for amphibians, fish and insects. Many of these species lay their eggs in the water to hatch. The sudden pH change is dangerous because the acids can cause serious deformities in their young or even annihilate the whole species since the young of many of such species spend a significant part of their life cycle in

French American War essays

French American War essays Thousands of years ago many people believed in Ptolemys geocentric theory that the Earth was the center of the universe. But, not until around 1500 was that theory disproved by the heliocentric theory formed from a great astronomer named Copernicus. His theory proved that the sun is the center of the universe and that celestial objects revolution would orbit around the sun and not the Earth. The word revolution in this case meant an orbital motion around a point (superficial definition). But, it is because of the American Revolution and mainly the French Revolution that this word has been significantly altered. Revolutions had been given a new meaning, a meaning of reform, violent, and radical change in ones government. The French Revolution from 1789-1799 and the American Revolution from 1775-1783 have been two of the most talked about and historical revolutions. These two revolutions expressed a great impact around the world and have brought about great changes in their government. Many believe that these revolutions were very similar in the fact that both countries, France and America (13 colonies), wanted a better way of living and a new form of government. Although they were very much alike in that way as well as in other ways, people do not realize the many contrasts among them. Such differences were their reasons for change, they type of government that ruled over them, and the results of the revolutions. The French and American Revolutions were both wars fought for a change in government. The most important differences among the two was the reasons for a demanding change. The French wanted equality while the 13 English Colonies wanted independence from British rule. France was basically fighting a war against itself because of its feudalistic division of estates. The third estate, composed of peasants and its middle class (the Bourgeoisie), was very displeased and ...

Tesla in Dubai Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tesla in Dubai - Essay Example The company built a strong brand image that captures the attention of customers through celebrity impact. The company develops sleek car models that meet the expectations of the customers. The marketing strategy through social and traditional media has catapulted the company into celebrity limelight. The company’s customer –centric approach has also been one of the main factors for its success in Dubai. Tesla fosters a strong customer relationship, thus creating a positive image among consumers. The first strategy available for Tesla’s international expansion is strategic alliance. Tesla has the option of identifying other companies in foreign markets that have good performance history and join forces with them. The company can easily gain entry into foreign markets through mergers and acquisitions. Through mergers, Tesla will create joint ventures with potential competitors in the market while acquisitions will involve buy out of rival companies in the market. Mergers and acquisitions in foreign markets will enlarge the company’s customer base and also enhance intellectual capital as well as performance efficiencies of the resultant company (Benjamin, 2006). The second strategy that Tesla can use to expand into international markets is licensing. This strategy involves entering foreign markets through leasing a company’s intellectual property rights to a foreign firm (Kozami, 2005). Tesla can lease its technology, patents, brand name and trademark to companies in foreign markets. In this strategy, Tesla would be the licensor while the other companies to which it leases its intellectual property rights would be the licensee. Ireland, Hoskisson and Hitt (2008) argue that â€Å"licensing is popular because it involves little direct cost or risk for the licensor (p.158). Despite the fact that this strategy offers a cheap foreign

Financial accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial accounting - Assignment Example This is regardless on the time when the cash is actually received. In a sale proceed, the revenue is recognized when the ownership of a good or a commodity has been transferred to the buyer together with the associated risks. The amount of the proceeds has to be reliably measurable in terms of revenue. Similarly, the costs associated with the transaction should also be measurable in a reliable way. Finally, there has to be a probability that the economic benefits related to the transaction will flow or will be realised by the organization. The same criteria apply for services rendered. In case of dividends, the revenue should be recognized once the right for payment has been established (IFRS, Pg. 2). In accounting, it is important to distinguish between the terms income, revenue and gains since it will facilitate accurate and clear preparation of the financial statement (Agtarap-San, Pg. 5). Income is defined as the savings opportunity that a business entity gains within a given tim e and it is measured in monetary terms (Weitzman, Pg. 2). Revenue on the other hand is the income that a business entity realises from its usual operations such as the sale of goods and services (ACCA, Para 5). Finally, gains refer to the increase in shareholder’s equity as a result of a transaction other than the daily operations. These are transactions which are non- recurring, for instance sale of a fixed asset (Weltman, Pg. 70). Case Study; Ibi Ryan Plc According To IAS 18, revenue should be recognized when earned. As such, the sale of Electrical goods on 30th March should be included in the revenue for the period ended 31st March 2013. This is because it was earned within the period despite the fact that the delivery was delayed to the following period. A total of ?50, 000 should be included in the financial statements. The revenue generated from the sale proceeds of good sold to Witney Ltd should not be included in the revenue of the period ended 31st March since Ibi Ry an retained ownership of the goods. According to IAS 18, revenue is only recognized when ownership has been transferred. In addition, the announcement that the creditor would receive 50p for every 1? owed did not guarantee future economic benefits since Whitney Ltd did not state it conclusively. It stated that it is â€Å"likely† meaning there was no guarantee and hence this should not also be recognized in the revenue of that period. The total amount of ?600, 000 owing to Ibi Ryan from Witney Ltd as at 31st March 2013 could not be recognized as revenue for the period due to the fact that ownership of goods worth that amount was not yet transferred. The cost price should also not be charged to the period’s revenue. When Ibi Ryan entered a contract with PC4U, it was certain that the amount of the contract will be realised by the company in the future upon delivery of the laptops. However, in the contract, it was agreed that Ibi Ryan would provide support services for a period up to December 31st, 2015. The support services were to cost ?240, 000 each year. It was certain that these costs were to b incurred. The costs were also reliably measured. The profits to be realised from the support services were to be 25% of ?240, 000 which is equal to ?60 000. Similarly, the company was certain to get this revenue though in the future. Therefore, the revenue that would be included in the period ended

Cultural practices at high altitudes that affect reproduction and Essay

Cultural practices at high altitudes that affect reproduction and maturation. Specify what those things are - Essay Example Since earth is a globe with places of high and low altitudes the people surviving in high altitudes have to retain certain cultural practices to maintain their health quotient. Human beings highest priority at all time were to safeguard its own species and as a result reproduction and maturation always had upper hand in their life. â€Å"Generally High altitude residents engage in cultural practices that modify the effect of hypoxia on energy availability as well as other attributes of the high altitude environment†(Hornbeing,49).It is seen that people living in High altitude like Tibet, and Nepal practice many cultural practices which positively affected their reproduction and maturation level High altitudes lack oxygen which can result in degeneration of cells and affect the overall health of human being, certain cultural practices improved their living conditions. The culture practice of retreating to lower lands during pregnancy Human being is largely depended on their nat ural environment for survival and sustenance and irregularities in their environment can have a significant effect on his health and wellbeing. For human, the process of growth and development is a crucial issue, and every thing initiates with healthy reproduction and maturation of offspring. ... nt to which the high altitude climate can affect the fertility and maturation of an individual .Generally less malfunctions are noticed and this could be the effect of the cultural practices used by the indigenous people living in that specific region. As per (Russo)â€Å"Babies born to mothers living at high altitudes tend to be smaller than babies from lower altitudes. The reduced flow of oxygen to the placenta can slightly retard the baby's growth, and this can increase some of the risks to the baby (particularly if it is born prematurely)†.This could be a main reason the women move to lower altitude where oxygen is abundant that can assure a better health for the themselves and their unborn child Social aspect of moving to lower altitude for birth It is widely seen that Tibetan and Nepalese women descend to lower altitude during pregnancy to avoid the high altitude stress prevalent in cold regions. Tibetan and Nepalese people have unique adaptation capability in comparison to normal people and have better fertility rate than women of lower altitudes. However, they come to lower altitudes to avoid the morning sickness, nausea and other illnesses they confront during they times of pregnancy. Generally a deficiency of oxygen in the blood level can result in seizure, fatigue, coma or even death to women as she is in pregnancy stages. So in order to avoid these fatal conditions the women in high altitudes mostly move to lower altitudes to have a safe pregnancy period and healthy child. Every culture wants to protect their people and reproduction is the main source by which we populate and expand our generation. The women in the high altitudes realized that during pregnancy they experience high difficulty in breathing and they knew this could affect health and maturation

The Good Governance In Public Sectors Politics Essay

The Good Governance In Public Sectors Politics Essay Principles of good governance in the public sector are very important because it builds a relationship with people in the community. These principles are based on support, respect, communication, fairness, predictability and competence. The first section of this essay will discuss all of them in detail because they all lead into each other. Support is a good principle because if you do not support the public they could turn on you and put someone else in power that will support them and listen to their needs. Support helps build confidence in the public sector by giving the people what they need and want. If the people are happy with you, you will gain their respect, which leads to my next point. Respect begets respect because without it, you could be put out of power, but if you respect the public, the public will respect you and the decisions you have made. You could also get ideas from the public if you listen to and respect their input, which helps you tend to their needs and wants. This could also help you in staying in power for a longer period because you are communicating with the public, which brings in my next point communication. Communication is the interaction of people, who create meaningful interaction together as a team. This is very important in the public sector because you need to communicate with th e public and receive feedback from them before you can make decisions on any matter. The reason for this is so you can make the right decisions. In this way, the communities are happy and know that they are being treated fairly. Fairness is my next point. Fairness is important because you have to treat everyone equally. You do this because it is right to give everybody an equal say in what is happening because they are the ones who have to live with the choices made. Furthermore, if the community gives an idea that you use, give the community the credit and recognition that they deserve. In this way, the community will say that you are fair in your decision-making processes. So, always consider what everyone has to say and be fair to all of them by giving everyone a fair chance. My next point is predictability. Predictability means that you know what someone is going to do before thy do it. In the public sector, it is good because if you know what problems are going to arise, you ca n have an effective plan to deal with the problem before it becomes severe. You can predict what the peoples needs and wants are and supply it to them without wasting any time. This leads into my final topic, which is competence. Competence is the ability to do something very well. It is important because you have to know what you need to do for your job and you need to do it right. If you are competent, the community will see that you know what you are doing and they will trust you and the decisions that you make because they will believe that you have their best interests at heart. There are three separations of powers in the government. They are legislative authority, executive authority and judicial authority. They all have different responsibilities and duties to the public and this section will discuss all of them. To start, legislative authority is going to be discussed. The legislative authority in a democratic society is responsible for the orderly conduct of that society. Legislative authority plays a leading role in the process of state administration, by means of the law of the country and the budget of the rising expenditure and revenue. Parliament is the legislative authority of South Africa. Therefore, the legislative authority has the power to create laws for the country in accordance with the Constitution. It consists of the National Assembly, the National Council of provinces and sittings are open to the public. These laws apply only in the boundaries of the province. The following are some of the functional domains with regard to which the prov inces can make laws: agriculture, environment and local government. The legislative authority at local government level is vested in the municipal council which has the power to make bylaws. Such bylaws may not be inconsistent with the provisions of the Constitution. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:146) This ends legislative authority and continues with judicial authority. Judicial authorities main goal is to guarantee the rights and freedoms of the individual and to preserve the sovereignty of the lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Judicial authority of the Republic vests in the courts. The judiciary is independent, impartial and subject only to the Constitutions and the law. No person and no organ of state may interfere with judicial officers in the performance of their functions. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:147) The judicial authority of the Republic vests in the courts, the Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, the Magistrates Court and other courts. The judicial authority has the power to give more rights to the people. Some of the rights they gave are the right to life, the right to human dignity, the right to privacy and many more. Judicial authority has a definite influence on the Public Protector. The executive authority is the next and final power. The executive authority consists of a variety of public executive institutions established by some law or government decision and which are financial either wholly or partly from state funds. These executive institutions are referred to as the public service. The public has to execute the laws of the country and function as part of the public sector. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:153) All the powers are different and the have there own goal in mind but all are linked to one greater goal and that is to make South Africa a better place. Every government institution makes an indispensable contribution to the ultimate goal of the state, namely the advancement of the general welfare of society. For this reason, there is a relationship of interdependence between the respective government structures and institutions. This relationship of interdependence implies interaction between the respective government structures and institutions. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:161) Coordination and liaison between the respective authorities and executive institutions, is of great importance. To date, a number of intergovernmental structures have been told to promote and facilitate co-operative government and intergovernmental relations between the respective spheres of government. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:162) These include an Intergovernmental Forum (IGF), Ministerial Forums, Intergovernmental Forums and the Department of Constitutional Development. Approaches to governmental relations are Constitutional or legal approach , Democratic approach, Financial approach and Normative operational approach. Vertical intergovernmental relations can be divided into three. They are relations between the central government and provincial governments, relations between the central government and local governments and relations between the provincial government and local governments. Horizontal relations between government institutions refer to relations between institutions at the same level, and they are particularly important for public managers. At local government level, horizontal relations take place mainly through, among others things, municipal associations and cooperation agreements. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:164) Extra-governmental relations are relations between government institutions and external institutions. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:164) The categories of relations that can be distinguished are social, politics, economics and institutional. There are four factors that may influence go vernmental relations, they are organisation of government institutions, decentralisation, fiscal and financial variables and personnel and human resources problems. Public versus private management. The differences and similarities. Private businesses are run for a profit and public institutions are not, but they are run for the general welfare. In the private sector, the various businesses compete with one another but the public institutions are basically monoplies. Private businesses can become involved in any activity not prohibited by legislations, while public institutions may only carry out functions or exercise competencies expressly delegated to them by the laws of our country. The nature and scope of services or products provided by the public sector are smaller in extent than those provided by government institutions. The transactions of private institutions usually known only to the owner or shareholder and are not divulged to the public while the actions of public institutions should always take place in the open.(Southern Business School, 2007:73) The differences are that legislation plays a prominent role; it is financed by the pub lic funds and is not non profit-oriented; it is directed by politics; accountability to the public is of prime importance; the focus in the public sector; the principles of public administration plays an important role and the method of allocating functions in the public sector is frequently based more on political considerations that on pure efficiency. The similarities are both comprise people and fixed personnel regulations are therefore required, work programmes methods and systems are the same, organisational arrangements and structures for providing time and staff functions delegation of authority coordination and communication are more or less the same, management principals, techniques, functions and skills are generic to both sectors, both follow standard accounting principals and control measures are applicable to both to ensure that predetermined objectives are achieved. Those are the differences and similarities of public and private management. Although there is a broad spectrum of disciplines which can be involved with considerable success. We will focus only on those disciplines that seem more approachable. They are Political Science, Economics, Developmental Administration/ Management, Etnology, Management Science and Sociology. Political Science can be defined as the scientific study of politics. Fields and subfields of Political Science include political theory and philosophy, national political systems, international politics, public administration, political institutions and political behaviour. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:61) Political Science studies the public or government sector in terms of its political context, as opposed to Public Administration, which concentrates on the internal functioning of executive government institutions (Cloete, 1986 in Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:61). Economics studies individuals as economic entities and their behaviour in economic affairs that is how they use scarce resou rces (Cloete, 1986, in Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:61). According to Cloete, Public Administration and Economics are inextricably linked. Development Administration developed as a specialised field of study from Public Administration. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:61) Public Administration may well be concerned with the overall improvement of living standards. It implies development but a need nonetheless exists for a discipline specialising developmental principles and morals. Ethnology aims at creating a better understanding of developing communities. In this way, insight is gained into the way of life and institutions of different racial groups, including the way in which they conduct their public affairs. (Cloete, 1986 in Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:61) According to Cronje, Neuland and van Reenen (1987 in Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:62), management science studies private enterptises in the search for ways to improve their functioning. Sociology involves the study of numerous institutions and other phenomence encountered in human society. (Cloete, 1986 in Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:62) There are various disciplines in Public Administration and new theories and approaches develop as a result of the interaction between academics and practitioners who study and practice the individual disciplines. Successful management of an institution is closely related to the way people are managed in that institution and it is important that managers understand the individuals in the institution. A manager has to be a psychologist, sociologist, anthropologist and political scientist all at the same time to understand and motivate your employees. There are three guidelines a manager needs to follow. They are guidelines from the body politic, guidelines from community values and prescribed guidelines. Guidelines from the body politic includes political supremacy which is ministers are the political head of public institutions and therefore have authority over the actions of officials, public accountability which includes the public responsibility of the legislative judicial an executive authorities with regard to service delivery and conduct which is in the public interest and tenets of democracy which implies that those who govern must not abuse the power vested in them in their personal in terest or in the interest of one population group only and that deliberations and consultations with the community must take place. Guidelines from communities values include religious doctrines and values systems, fairness and reasonableness, balanced decision-making, thoroughness, probity and honesty, and efficiency and effectiveness. Prescribed guidelines includes legal rules which is every action of a public official must be within the limits of enabling provisions of Acts and regulations, fundamental rights which are binding on all legislative and executive organs of state at all levels of government and it provide for equality, the right to life and respect for protection of dignity, Code of ethics or conduct which specialist unit within the public sector has a set of guidelines governing conduct, the conduct usually do not have any legal authority, but are simply guidelines that have been formed over time, right to information held by the state which is provided in terms of s ection 32 of the Constitution is also important with regard to internal ethical conduct, Just administration action is the normative principles of Public Administration. Measures to prevent unethical conduct are training and development of officials by means of courses, among other things, control measures and checkpoints, participation in departmental decision making, the elimination of excessive secrecy, media coverage of unethical conduct, politically dishonest officials can be removed during elections, the public service commission, the auditor general in his / her capacity, the public protector who looks after the interest of the public, administrative law and legal rules and a code of ethics or conduct for every profession, occupational group and field of activity. There are three different environmental levels in the public institution. The levels are macro-level or general level, the intermediate level and the micro-level or specific level. Micro-environment or internal environment is defined in more specific operational terms. Kast and Rosenzweig (1974 in Van der Walt and Du Toit, 1999:102) define the internal level as an attempt to classify and describe the focus that have an influence on the institution specifically. (Schwella 1983 in Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:102) describes the micro-environment as that part of general environment that is potentially relevant for the setting of objectives. The specific environment is thus more concrete than the general environment. It may directly influence the availability of resources to be the organisational unit. The influences it may have include supplying, withholding, decreasing or increasing the recourse used by the institution (Van der Waldt, 1992 in Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:102). Th e core components of micro environment is mission, goal, strategy, resources, institutional culture, inter regulars, external regulators and information. The intermediate environment or task or client environment induces al institutions, groups, individuals and influences with which the institution has direct outward interaction because public institutions are essentially providers of services. The community should be the most important component of the intermediate environment. Another intermediate environmental component is regulators that control and regulate the relationship between an institution, its suppliers, clients and competitors. Regulators include policy, laws, procedures and standardsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Opportunities and threats in the intermediate environment pg102 have a direct implication for the functioning and management of an institution.(Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:102) Intermediaries or facilitation acts as agents linking the macro and micro-environment. Another factor that plays a significant role in the provision of services is ethical norms and standards that are derived from the community. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:102) According to Schwella (1991 in Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:100) the macro- or general environment level consists of political, economic, legal, social, cultural and technological components. It includes influences outside the boundaries of the institution that is all factors external to the institutions micro- and intermediate environments that influence the functioning of both these environments. It is important to note that these environmental components are interdependent and that there are no absolute distinctions between them. Events in one environment can lead to changes in environments. (Van der Waldt and Du Toit, 1999:101) Before, public managers were expected to present good ideas about which director the state should take, to decide on courses of action or goals to be accomplished and to use their influence or control to sway the opinions and the views of the staff in that certain direction. A more modern approach indicates that the future leader will be someone who assists the organisation in understanding its needs and potential combines and formats the vision of the group and catalyses the occurrence of group action. The leader will also not just be the head, but will play out every ones roles. Future public managers will need to be able to do certain things by utilising, among others, the following skills and abilities: leadership, deliberation and the skills associated with it viz. mediation, teamwork, negotiation and problem-solving etc. in various cultural settings; communication skills such as written, graphic, oral, technological and foreign languages; the skill of gathering, analysing and evaluating information; being able to critically (using different views and opinions), creatively (having the ability to come up with different ideas) and ethically (not infringing on anyones rights and moral obligations) reason; human relations i.e. dealing with staff, clients etc., which is vital for attaining success in a world that is so diverse in culture and ever changing; commit themselves to their own physical, emotional and psychological wellness, as well as that of others around them; have the ability to appreciate the human experience as being diverse which includes activ ities that are aesthetic and creative; display behaviour that is in accordance with the ethical principals and civic virtues normally displayed by good and responsible citizens of the immediate community, the state or province, the nation and ultimately the world; thinking critically, creatively as well as ethically; interpersonal (with themselves), intra-group (within a specific group) and inter-group (amongst different groups) skills which are important for attaining success in a world so complex; etc. According to Fox et al. (1991) and McCurdy (1995), a public manager has to adopt some new attitudes, which go against the rigid and bureaucratic inclinations of the past. (Southern Business School, 2007:118 119) They suggest that a public manager should become a crusader, an organiser, a pro-active policy formulator, a social change agent, a crises manager, a humanitarian, an interest broker, etc. for this they will need to be critical and honest about themselves and their own positions and allow personal change.

Edgar Allan Poes The Premature Burial :: essays research papers

The Mind vs. the Undead The Romantic Era was a time when writers wrote with passion in relation to elements of writing such as the fantastic or supernatural, the improbable, the sentimental, and the horrifying. Edgar Allan Poe was one of the many writers who used elements such as these in his writings. Poe was famous for reflecting the dark aspects of his mind in a story, creating detailed imagery intriguing the reader. The fantastic and supernatural elements are expressed in The Premature Burial as impossible and in a sense, horrifying. The idea of people walking after their believed death is very extreme thinking in a world that seems normal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The writing style of Edgar Allan Poe shows the writer to be of a dark nature. In this story, he focuses on his fascination of being buried alive. He quotes, â€Å"To be buried alive is, beyond question, the most terrific of these [ghastly] extremes which has ever fallen to the lot of mere mortality.† page 58 paragraph 3. The dark nature is reflected in this quote, showing the supernatural side of Poe which is reflected in his writing and is also a characteristic of Romanticism. Poe uses much detail, as shown in this passage, â€Å"The face assumed the usual pinched and sunken outline. The lips were of the usual marble pallor. The eyes were lusterless. There was no warmth. Pulsation had ceased. For three days the body was preserved unburied, during which it had acquired a stony rigidity.† page 59 paragraph 2. The descriptive nature of this writing paints a vivid picture that intrigues the reader to use their imagination and visualize the scene present ed in the text. This use of imagery ties with aspects of Romanticism because of the nature of the descriptions Poe uses. Describing the physical features of one who seems dead is a horrifying perspective as not many people thing about the aspects of death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The mind is a very powerful tool when it is exploited to think about situations out of the ordinary. Describing in vivid detail the conditions of one after his, her, or its death associates the mind to a world that is filled with horrific elements of a dark nature.

Discuss the Ways in Which in Chapter 1 of ‘Enduring Love’ Essay

â€Å"The beginning is simple to mark†. This is the opening sentence of Ian McEwan’s novel â€Å"Enduring Love†, and in this first sentence, the reader is unwittingly drawn into the novel. An introduction like this poses the question, the beginning of what? Gaining the readers curiosity and forcing them to read on. The very word â€Å"beginning† allows us an insight into the importance of this event, for the narrator must have analysed it many a time in order to find the moment in which it all began, and so it is obviously significant period of his life. And surely if the beginning is â€Å"simple†, what is to come must be complex. This and the writers delaying tactics, attention to precise detail and a red herring hook the reader and draw them well and truly into the novel. The reader joins â€Å"Joe†, the narrator, as he and his lover â€Å"Clarissa† are enjoying a romantic picnic in the countryside. Bathed in sunlight under a turkey oak, â€Å"partly protected from a strong gusty wind†, the relationship between the two is yet to be divulged, but McEwan’s use of the phrase â€Å"partly protected†, seems to imply that these two people have been protected from such horrors until this moment. Before the cry is heard and the race into the tale begins, a strong picture is painted; the reader can almost taste the air, and feel the â€Å"cool neck† of the 1987 Daumas Gassac as they themselves clutch the corkscrew. This attention to detail is a technique McEwan uses frequently throughout this chapter, to enforce just how important this day was to Joe, how the memory of this day has been replayed over and over in his mind until he is able to reel off the minutiae almost mechanically. The reader is therefore drawn into the story with the morbid curiosity of what is to happen, what the â€Å"pinprick on the time map† of Joe’s’s life is, and how it affects it. When the shout is heard, and Joe’s’ life begins its descent â€Å"away from [our] happiness among the fresh spring grasses by the oak†, the reader is still unaware of what this â€Å"danger† is exactly. However we do know that this is the event that shapes the rest of the novel and is the fundamental moment of the narrative. Whilst Joe runs towards the danger, he hears the shout again, followed by a child’s’ cry, â€Å"enfeebled by the wind†. Now that a child has been involved in this danger, it becomes all the more grave, for nothing provokes more feeling then the possibility of a child perishing. This in itself goads the reader to read on, willing the child to be saved, yet prepared for it to die. Yet we are still unaware as to what this danger is exactly. As our  hero races towards it, we are treated to a rather mathematical description of what is happening around him through the viewpoint of a buzzard, again giving the impression that this is something Joe has been recollecting and scrutinizing since it took place, looking at it from all angles, therefore giving it even more importance. The only clue we are given is the narrator revealing that the event about to take place is a fall, but who’s? While Joe rushes to the scene, so too do others; John Logan, family doctor, wife and two children; Joseph Lacey, captain of his local bowls team, living alone with his wife; Toby Greene, farm labourer with a reliant mother; James Gadd, wife and mentally handicapped child; Jed Perry, twenty eight and living on an inheritance. Harry Gadd, ten years of age. Thanks to these short but informative introductions we now have empathy with all of McEwan’s characters. Someone is to die, but who would we rather it be? Greene? Unspeakable, for that would leave his mother (no doubt a meek and feeble old woman) alone in the world. Logan? What of his widow, children and patients? It is to be one of these characters, and we are reminded this by the mention of the coroners inquest, but who? The automatic assumption is that it is to be the child, and this red herring is another of McEwan’s tactics of hooking the reader into the novel and making it impossible to put down. An important aspect of this first chapter is the way in which the narrator delays in giving us this information. He himself admits to it, to â€Å"holding back†, yet he uses language such as â€Å"fatal†, â€Å"aftermath† and â€Å"catastrophe† to hint to an imminent death of someone. This technique is echoed in the way McEwan lingers on the period of time before the disaster, recounting the day from the very beginning. This causes a build-up of tension, it is almost like when watching a soap opera; the events to come are revealed at the start, and then the story commences from before they take place. This method causes the readers to feel impatient, almost wanting to skip ahead to see what happens, but too engrossed in the story, anxious for, yet dreading the moment in which the shout is heard. Phrases such as â€Å"other outcomes were still possible† again add to the feeling of impending doom; other outcomes were possible, but they did not take place, this collision of men all intent on helping the distressed was futile. It is in these ways that McEwan succeeds in creating suspense that â€Å"demands a kind of physical courage from the reader to continue reading†, by using detail, delay and decoy. The first chapter is no doubt one of the most effective openings of any narrative, making it not only â€Å"unforgettable†, but achieving exactly what McEwan intended it to; the undivided and unconditional attention of the reader.

59 Great Medical Programs for High School Students + Advice

59 Great Medical Programs for High School Students + Advice SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Thinking about a career in medicine? I highly recommend trying out some medical experiences in high school before committing to a pre-med track. Many of my high school friends whohoped to go into medicine ended up changing their major duringcollege when the pre-med courses got too difficult. Doing a medicalinternship, summer program, or community service projectin high school can help you decide if medicine is the right track for you before you waste time and money goingpre-med in college.This guide will explainwhat experiences are open to you as a high school student, what those experiences involve, andhow youwill benefit from them. What Medical Experiences Are Available to High School Students? There are lots of ways to get a taste of it's like to work in medicine.In my opinion, the best time to do this is over the summer. You have the most free time during the summer, and there are more experiences available. There are many summer medical programs and summer medical internships for high school students across the country. These opportunities range from research experiences to in-hospital experiences. Some of these programs and internships charge you a fee to attend, some are paid for, and some even pay you to attend. I’ve compiled a list of over 50 summer medical programsfor high school students.Severalof these programs and internships are just for students from a specific state or area.Check specific programs for application requirements and fees. I've provided links to each program below. If you’d like to get experience during the school year (on weekends and after school), you should consider shadowing a doctor or volunteering at a hospital.I’ll discuss the details of volunteering and job shadowing later in the article. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. List of Summer Medical Programs for High School Students I've divided up the summer medical programs into three categories: Medical Programs, Medical Research Programs, and general Science Research Programs. Medical Programs In the medical programs category, I list programs that offer high school students the chance to get hands-on experience in medicine (non-research related) such aslearning simple medical procedures, watching surgeries, shadowing doctors, workingin hospitals, interacting with patients, and more. There are very few programs that offer this type of experience to high school students, and Ihighly recommend them since they'll give you the most realistic look atwhat life's like as a pre-medstudent,medical student, and medical professional. Program Host Institute/Hospital Location Cost Program Length High School Senior Summer Internship Program Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, OH No cost. Interns are paid up to $1,368 8 weeks Medical Immersion Summer Academy Mentoring in Medicine and Science Oakland, CA $1,000 5 days Medicine Health Care Program National Student Leadership Council Various universities throughout the US $3,195- $3,495 9 days Stanford Medical Youth Science Program Stanford University Stanford, CA No cost 5 weeks Summer Medical Academy Rady Children's Hospital and UC San Diego San Diego, CA $2,450 12 days UPenn Medicine Summer Program for High School Students University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA $7,995-$8,510 4 weeks Medical Research Programs If you're unable to do one of the above medical programs, the next best thing is a medical research program. In these programs, you'll be working in a lab and helping with medical research that's in progress (i.e. looking at slides under a microscope, recording changes)or assisting with on-going clinical research (i.e. interviewing participants in an on-going trial of new medication, logging participant information in the computer). Many of these programs pair you with a mentor who works at your location. Also, several of these programs require you to give a presentation at the end of the program. These medical research programs are extremely valuable because, as a pre-med student, you'll likely end up doing lab work either for class or as an extracurricularforyour medical school application.If you do one of these programs in high school, you'll be a step ahead of your pre-med classmates. (One quick note: many of these programs are free or pay stipends, but not every program provides free housing. Make sure you check each program's housing accommodations before you apply!) Program Host Institute/Hospital Location Cost Program Length Summer Science Internship Program Arthritis Foundation California No cost. Interns are paid $1,500 7weeks Summer Scholars Biology Research Immersion Program Buck Institute for Research on Aging Novato, CA $2,500 8 weeks Disease Detective Camp Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC Atlanta, Georgia No cost 5 days Summer Child Health Research Internship Children's Hospital Colorado Aurora, CO No cost. Interns are paid $3,500 8 weeks Summer Research Program Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute Oakland, CA No cost 9 weeks Biomedical Research Internship for Minority Students Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, OH No costs. Interns receive a stipend of up to $3,078 9 weeks City of Hope Cancer Center Eugene and Ruth Roberts Summer Student Academy Duarte, CA No cost. Students receive a stipend of $4,000 10 weeks Summer Experience for Students Coriell Institute for Medical Research Camden, NJ No cost. Students receive a stipend of $1,000 3.5 weeks Initiative to Eliminate Cancer Disparities, The Continuing Umbrella of Research Experiences CURE(Summer Only) Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center Boston, MA No cost. 8-12 weeks Summer Research Program Indiana University Cancer Center Indianapolis, IN No cost. 8weeks High School Summer Internship Program Magee Women's Research Institute Pittsburgh, PA No cost. 4 weeks Summer Research Internship Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience Jupiter, FL No cost.Students are paid $.50/hour. 6 weeks Summer Internships for High School and College Students McLaughlin Research Institute Great Falls, MT No cost. 8 weeks High School Summer Program MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX No cost. 6weeks Diversity Summer Enrichment Programs Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI No cost. Students receive a stipendat the end of the program. 6 weeks Werner H. Kirsten Student Intern Program National Cancer Institute Frederick, MD No cost. Students receive a $3,600 stipend 8 weeks NEI Summer Intern Program National Eye Institute Bethesda, MD Rockville, MD No cost. Students receive a monthly stipend. 8-12 weeks Summer Internship Program in Biomedical Research NIH Bethesda, MD No cost. Students receive amonthly stipend of $1,930. minimum of 8 weeks Summer Student Program National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Bethesda, MD No cost. Students receive amonthly stipend of $1,930. minimum 8 weeks National Institute on Drug Abuse: Summer Research with NIDA NIDA Various universities throughout the US No cost. Interns are paid $12 an hour. 8 weeks NIDDK Short-term Education Program for Underrepresented Persons STEP-UP - High School Program National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Bethesda, MD No cost. Students receive a stipend (amount varies) 8-10 weeks Summer Internship Program National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research Triangle Park, NC No cost. Students are paid per hour (salary varies) 8 weeks Summer Program in the Neurological Sciences National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Bethesda, MD No cost. Students receive a stipend. minimum 8 weeks Summer Cancer Research Experience Program for High School Students Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo, NY No cost.Limited, need-based stipends available. 7 weeks Stanford Institutes of Medicine Summer Research Program Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA No cost. Students receive stipends from $500 to $1500 8 weeks Summer Student Program The Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor, ME andFarmington, CT No cost. Students receive a stipend of $5,250 10 weeks Helios Scholars Program Translational Genomics Research Institute Phoenix, AZ No cost. Students are paid $10.50 an hour 8 weeks High School Student Research Apprentice Program University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, CT $2,050minimum, with discounts for students who enroll in multiple sessions. 1-4 weeks Summer Cancer Research Internship for High School and Undergraduate Students University of Hawaii, Cancer Center Honolulu, HI No cost. Students are paid $10.60 an hour. 8weeks Summer Research Scholars Program University of Minnesota Medical School, Lillehei Heart Institute Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN No cost. Students receive a stipend of $3,000. 9 weeks Travis B. Lewis High School Scholarship Award Program University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology Experimental Neuroscience Omaha, NE No cost. Students receive a stipend of $1,500. up to 10 weeks Biomedical Research Training for High School Students University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, TX No cost. 8 weeks Summer Fellowship Program in Biomedical Research Wistar Institute Philadelphia, PA No cost. Students receive a stipend (amount varies). 8weeks Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Science Research Programs If you can't do one of the medical research or medical programs, you should consider trying to do a science summer program/internship. These programs are not medicine-specific and cover a wide range of science topics (from plant life to space). However, these programs are still very valuable because as a pre-med student, you'll be learning a ton ofscience. As a part of your pre-med track, you'll be required to take Biology, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Organic Chemistry, and more. Doing one of these science programs willgive you a preview of the coursework ahead of you. Also, many of these programs are lab work, and, although they're not focused on medical research, they will still give you good general insights into how to do lab work. As I said before,as a pre-med student, you'll likely end up doing lab work either for class or as an extracurricularforyour medical school application.If you do one of these programs, you'll bewell-prepared to do that research. Program Host Institute/Hospital Location Cost Program Length Plant Genome Internship Cornell University Boyce Thompson Institute Ithaca, NY No cost. Students receive a stipendof $1,050. 7weeks Aspiring Scientists Summer Internship Program George Mason University Fairfax, Virginia No cost. 8-10weeks Army Educational Outreach Programs Department of Defense Washington, DC Varies. Some scholarships and grants are available. Varies depending on program Internship Program J. Craig Venter Institute Rockville, MD No cost.Students are paid $13.00 an hour 8-12 weeks Maine Research Internships for Teachers and High School Students MERITS Maine Space Grant Consortium Augusta, ME No cost. Students earn a stipend (amount undisclosed). 6 weeks Research Science Institute Massachusetts Institute of Technology - MIT Cambridge, MA No cost. 5 weeks Monell Science Apprenticeship Program Monell Chemical Senses Center Philadelphia, PA No cost. Students receive a stipend (amount varies). 8weeks Summer Research Program Monmouth University West Long Branch, NJ No cost. Students are paid about $9 per hour. 12 weeks Summer Youth Internship Program Museum of Science Boston, MA No cost. Positions can be paid or unpaid, depending on program. Varies National Space Club Scholars Program National Aeronautics and Space Administration Greenbelt, MD Wallops Island, VA No cost. Students receive a stipend of $2,100. 6 weeks OARDC Research Internships in Wooster ORIP Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Wooster, OH No cost. Students receive a stipend (amount varies). 10 weeks Apprenticeships in Science and Engineering (ASE) program Saturday Academy Oregon Southwest Washington $250 8 weeks High School Student Research Education Program Scripps Research Institute Jupiter, FL No cost. Students are paid $.50 per hour 8weeks Howard Hughes Medical Institute Program University of Maryland College Park, MD $200 1 week Howard Hughes Medical Institute High School Scholars University of Miami Miami, FL No cost. Some students receive stipends. 7 weeks Internships for High School State University of New York College at Oneonta Cooperstown, NY No cost. Interns receive a stipend of $1,750-$2,000 10 weeks Educational Outreach Program The Forsyth Institute Boston, MA No cost. Students are paid an hourly wage (amount varies) 8 weeks Geosciences Bridge Program University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Living Marine Resources Cooperative Science Center Princess Anne, MD No cost. Students are paid $500 per week. 6 weeks Bioscience Summer Research Program for High School Students University of Utah, Department of Biology Salt Lake City, UT No cost. 8weeks Summer Research Apprentice Program University of Wyoming Laramie, WY Varies depending on program. Varies depending on program. What Are the Pros and Cons of These Programs? These medical programs can be a great experience for many high school students, but they can have some drawbacks. In this section we'll look at the pros and cons of medical programs for high school students. Pros These programs and internships provide a real look atwhat life's like asa researcher, scientist, or medical student. You'll have a great sense of whether or not you'd like to pursue a career in the medical field after you finish your program. If you do a college campus program, you'll geta preview of college life. You can experience living away from home, and you can decide if you like the college. I did a summer program at UCLA during high school, and it made me realize that UCLA was not the school for me. As I said before, these opportunities give you the chance to evaluate if pre-med is the track you want to go down before you wastetime and money in college. If you love your program, you'll be even more motivated towork hard to become a medical professional. You'll meet like-minded students who’re interested in medicine/science. You'll have a great program or internship on your college application. By actually participating in a medical/science program, you'll show colleges that you're committed to pursuing a career in the medicalfield. If you attend a college campus program, and you’re interested in going to college at the school that hostedthe program, you’ll have shown real interest in that college (which admissions officers always like to see). Cons These programs can be expensive (depending on the program you choose,some can cost almost $10,000). However, some programs pay you! Make sure you check out the individual program websites to find out the cost. And like we mentioned before, pay careful attention to housing! Some programs might offer stipends, but they may not cover housing costs. Also, they canbe highly competitive (some admit very few students or have special qualifications such as having a 3.5 GPA or higher). Some may not provide you with the best insight into medicine, especially those that are less hands-on or only offer research exposure (which is not what you’ll necessarily be interested in). Other Options: Hospital Volunteer orShadowing a Doctor Volunteering and job shadowing are both great ways to participate inmedical experiences at your local hospital. You can do themduring the school year or the summer. Also, both opportunities are free! What's the difference between volunteering job shadowing a doctor? As a hospital volunteer, you'll have to apply (and likely interview) to be a volunteer (along with getting a TB test and filling out paperwork). You'll attend a hospital volunteer orientation and be assigned a specific "job" at the hospital (such as assisting the nurses or assisting hospital visitors in navigating the hospital). As a volunteer, you'll be required to commit to volunteering for a certain number of shifts per week. You also may have to commit to volunteering for six months or more. Job shadowing is a shorter experience and much less formal. You can shadow a doctor for as little time as a few hours or a day or two. While shadowing, youfollow adoctor around while theygo about their normal activities. They may ask you to help them with basic tasks (grabbing a chart or taking notes), but probably not. You'll be there to see what a doctor does in their daily routine to determine if it interests you. To sign up to be a hospital volunteer, apply through the hospital's website. If you're having trouble locating the hospital's website or contact information, check with your school academic advisor.They may have a connection to the local hospital or might know another student whohas volunteered or job shadowed there andwho could help you get involved. To find ajob shadowingopportunity, reach out to any friends or family whowork in the medical field. See if they know any doctors whomyou could shadow. Also, ask your school's academic advisor if they know other studentswhoshadowed a doctor andcould give you more information.If your school can’t help you, get in touch with the hospital directly to see if they can help you set up a job shadowing opportunity.If you need more advice onjob shadowing, read our other guide. What Are the Pros and ConsofShadowing a Doctor orBeing a Hospital Volunteer? Shadowing a doctor or being a hospital volunteer is a significantly different experience than participating in a summer medical program, and they have their own set of pros and cons. Pros As opposed to summer programs, these experiences are always free.As I said above, some medicalprograms and internships can cost up to $10,000 (so much!). Job shadowing and being a hospital volunteer arefree experiences that will only cost you your time. These are great options if you can't afford the cost of a summer program. Job shadowing and being a hospital volunteer can provide a real look into life as a doctor or nurse. By following them around or working in a hospital, you'll get a sense of the work environment and what life is like on a day-to-day basis fora medical professional. As I said before, these opportunities give you the chance to evaluate if pre-med is the track you want to go down before you spendtime and money in college. If you don't like your experience job shadowing or as a volunteer, you might realize pre-med isn't the right path for you. However, if you love your experience, you'll feel more motivated to work towards your goal of becoming a medical professional. Job shadowing is a great experience if you don't have a lot of time to commit. You can choose to job shadow for a few hours, a fullday, or for severaldays. It's very flexible. If you want to be pre-med, volunteering at a hospital is a great extracurricular activity for your college application. While volunteering elsewhere (at a homeless shelter, animal shelter, etc.) can be great for a college application, it's goodto keep your extracurriculars focused on your future goals. Volunteering at a hospital will show colleges that you're serious about a career in medicine. Cons Volunteer experience may not provide you with quite the medical experience you're looking for. Volunteering may not be very hands-on, and your duties may be repetitiveand not directly related to medicine,such as answering phones, filing papers, and helping visitors find where they're going. If you only job shadowfor a day, it's not a great experiencefor your college application. It's notan extracurricular activity if you only do it once because that doesn't show enough commitment. However, I recommend doing job shadowing just to get insight into the medical field. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. How to Choose the Right Medical Experience for You Eachof the medical experiences listed in this article hasvalue, but to decide which is right for you, you shouldask yourself three questions: #1: What Is Your Main Medical Interest? Are you more interested in research or patient care?If research, look into one of the summer research programs.If patient care, look into one of the hospital-based programs, job shadowing or being a hospital volunteer. #2: How Much Money Are You Willing to Spend? Do you have money to spend, do you have no money to spend, or do you need to have a job that pays? If you have money to spend, you can consider all of the options.If you have no money to spend, look into an all-expenses paid program (or one with financial aid). Also, consider volunteering or job shadowing since both arefree experiences.If you need a job that pays, look into the programs with stipends for participants. #3: How Much Time Do You Want to Invest in Your Experience? Do you want to spend a day, a few hours per week, or a few weeks full-time on this experience?If you want a quick experience, consider job shadowing a doctor for a day or two.If you’d like an on-going experience to use as an extracurricular, consider volunteering since you could do that a few hours per week throughout the school year.If you’d like an intensive experience, consider doing one of the summer programs or internships. Also, alwaysmake sure toresearch a program or experience before you commit to it. Doing so will help avoid a bad experience (such asa program that's not very hands-on or volunteer work that's mostly grunt work). Whatever you're interested in doing, try to find another student who did it previously and ask them about their experience. For the programs, get in touch with the program coordinator to see if they can put you in contactwith a program alum you can speak with. How Will Colleges View These Experiences? Colleges mainly look for extracurriculars that show your commitment, passion, and ability to handle responsibility and leadership. As I mentioned briefly above, job shadowing isn't a great experience for your college application because it's not enough of a commitment if you only do it for a few days. On the other hand, volunteering at a hospital is a great extracurricular activity for your college application because it shows a commitment to medicine. The summer programs and internships are also great experiences for your college application because they show that same interest in and commitment to medicine. Also, many of these programs and internships are competitive,and colleges know that. If you're accepted into one of those programs or internships, colleges will view it like you won a prestigious award. What’s Next? Doing a medical program is a great step, but what else do you need to do to prepare for med school? Check out our step-by-step guide to preparing for med school as a high school studentand our list of the best books for pre-med students. Also, you should learn about how to write about extracurriculars on college applications. Check out fouramazing examples of extracurriculars forcollege applications. Interested in a BS/MD program? They can be a great way to save some time and get your medical degree sooner. Read our guide on getting into BS/MD programs to learn more. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Free Essays on Spread Of Islam

Islam, a major world religion, began in the desserts of Arabia in 632 AD. Mohammed was the prophet or messenger of Allah who guided the people toward Islam. Mohammed dedicated his whole life to spread the word of Allah and guide people towards heaven. However many of us wonders today how did Islam spread it’s empire through out Asia and Africa from the desserts of Middle East? As we take a look at the history, we see many methods were used in order to spread such an extensive empire. A brief chronology of Islamic Empire: In 570 ad the prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca of the Hashim clan, belonging to the tribe of Quraish. His father’s name is Abdullah and his mother’s name is Amina. Mohammed’s father died before he was born and at the age of six he lost his mother. After the death of his father, his grand father Adbul Muttalib and his uncle Abu Talib raised him. At the age of twenty Mohammed began to work for a widow named Khadijah as a merchant actively engaged with trading caravans to the north. Later in time Mohammed married Khadijah. When Mohammed was forty years old the most important event of Islam took place in the cave of Mount Hira where Mohammed used to meditate. The angel Gabriel ordered Mohammed, â€Å"Recite: In the name of thy Lord who created, created man from a clot of blood†. This event was the birth of Islam. In the beginning Mohammed revealed his experience with his family and friends. Beside his family Abu-Bakkar his father-in-law was the first person to join the religion of Islam. During the next three years Mohammed delivered the message of Allah to the people of Mecca. Unfortunately most of the people didn’t want to abandon paganism and embrace Islam as their faith. After Mohammed had preached publicly for more than a decade in Mecca he and his followers were forced to leave. Mohammed and his followers moved to a city name medina. Thi... Free Essays on Spread Of Islam Free Essays on Spread Of Islam Islam, a major world religion, began in the desserts of Arabia in 632 AD. Mohammed was the prophet or messenger of Allah who guided the people toward Islam. Mohammed dedicated his whole life to spread the word of Allah and guide people towards heaven. However many of us wonders today how did Islam spread it’s empire through out Asia and Africa from the desserts of Middle East? As we take a look at the history, we see many methods were used in order to spread such an extensive empire. A brief chronology of Islamic Empire: In 570 ad the prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca of the Hashim clan, belonging to the tribe of Quraish. His father’s name is Abdullah and his mother’s name is Amina. Mohammed’s father died before he was born and at the age of six he lost his mother. After the death of his father, his grand father Adbul Muttalib and his uncle Abu Talib raised him. At the age of twenty Mohammed began to work for a widow named Khadijah as a merchant actively engaged with trading caravans to the north. Later in time Mohammed married Khadijah. When Mohammed was forty years old the most important event of Islam took place in the cave of Mount Hira where Mohammed used to meditate. The angel Gabriel ordered Mohammed, â€Å"Recite: In the name of thy Lord who created, created man from a clot of blood†. This event was the birth of Islam. In the beginning Mohammed revealed his experience with his family and friends. Beside his family Abu-Bakkar his father-in-law was the first person to join the religion of Islam. During the next three years Mohammed delivered the message of Allah to the people of Mecca. Unfortunately most of the people didn’t want to abandon paganism and embrace Islam as their faith. After Mohammed had preached publicly for more than a decade in Mecca he and his followers were forced to leave. Mohammed and his followers moved to a city name medina. Thi...

Writing with your senses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Writing with your senses - Essay Example The leaves of the plant are not as glossy as a rose has. Aroma of a flower is not strong, but unobtrusive and fresh. After trying â€Å"to find† it, you find out your nose, painted with yellow pollen. Sunflower always is "happy" to see the sun. In the morning it deploys his yellow â€Å"head† behind the sun, eagerly catching its rays with its all petals. The whole field can â€Å"look† in one direction. In the evening, after seeing the sun goes over the horizon, sunflower becomes â€Å"sad†, lowering his big hat and looking at the ground. Now we just have to taste the seeds. By this time the flower can already lose its petals and becomes â€Å"clumsy†, hard hat makes it to look at the ground. The best way to reach the sunflower seeds is from the edge – to break off solid petals and clear the way. It may happen that they are a little sticky, and you can be â€Å"lucky† and seeds will tint you fingers in blue-black color. As you can see, sunflower is truly beautiful and wonderful

Analyze Possible Problems Associated with Reintegration after Research Paper

Analyze Possible Problems Associated with Reintegration after Prisonization - Research Paper Example ii) Evaluation – A summary of the obstacles in the path of rehabilitation of the ex-prisoners, convicted of petty crimes like stealing, larceny, etc. iii) Recommendations - The various methods by which criminals can be corrected and their participation as a part of the society can be improved on. B. Grave Crimes: Incidences and corresponding punishments to graver crimes like murder or manslaughter is discussed. i) Biblical Explanation – Graver crimes like homicide is interpreted in the light of the views in the Bible. Murder entitles the death penalty but there is always the scope of pardon, evident from the biblical story of ‘Cain and Abel’. ii) Evaluation - An analysis of the actual factors that leads normal individuals to turn into hardened criminals and solutions to those problems. iii) Recommendations – Methods of correction for criminals convicted of grave crimes like, murder. III. Economic Perspective : The possible contribution of the rehabil itated convicts to the growth of economy and national income generation. Also, their economic contribution to community services and welfare activities is analyzed. IV. Conclusion : A summary of the process of rehabilitation of ex-convicts and reintegrating them into the society. V. References Abstract The study of the possible problems in the reintegration of the imprisoned into the civil society reveals the complexities that exist in this case. The embarrassment faced by an ex-convict to face society, in the aftermath of his sentence, is a very sensitive issue and hence, should be handled with the utmost kindness and caution. Generosity of heart, in this respect, may reap huge dividends and solve the problems that cannot be solved by a harsher treatment of criminals. If anything, injudicious punishments can actually cause more crimes than solve them as is evident from studying the upsurge of terrorism in various nations. A person who had committed a crime should not be treated as an outcast throughout his life and the society, as a whole, should strive to be less judgmental and hypocritical. Economically, the study shows the benefits in GDP creation that can be accrued if the these imprisonized population is converted into an active workforce, consistently contributing to National Income. This is a section of huge untapped labor power that can find employment in the informal sector and must be fully utilized for optimum growth of the economy. Prisons are considered to be the god-forsaken margins of a society, both from a rigid Christian point of view as well as a general one. To survive in these pockets of crime, malice and violence, an individual has to transform oneself completely, psychologically and physically. No matter how normal or innocent, a person is compelled to develop certain skills and attributes that are â€Å"considered highly dysfunctional in free society† (Marlow, 2008, p.42). Since these sites are infested with mutual mistrust, isol ation from the society at large, dependence on the institution and an ever-dangling danger of bloodshed, a person may feel limited, humiliated, and extremely deprived. This makes a dent on his persona indefinitely and poses as a problem in the path of reintegration into the society. Hence, proper and efficient programs must